Carding machine



Feb. 1l, 1947. I p, Escl-|51., 2,415,757

CARDING MACHINE Filed ay 26, 1943 PO. El

llwffwroe, H904 PESC/V54 #Trae/ver atented Feb. il, i4?

l STAT CARDWG eine Paul Peschel, Genevad, Sweden, assigner -toAktiebolaget Svenska Textilverken, Genevad,

Sweden Application May 26, 1943, sei-iai No. 488,550

In Sweden December 27, 1941 This invention relates to new and usefulimprovements in or relating to carding machines.

In spinning so-called cottonized flax, viz. ilax sub-divided intoelementary fibres, one has not hitherto been able to work up flax fibresalone in a rational manner but has had to add other bres, for instancecotton, staple fibres or wool, usually in an amount of 50% of the totalquantity of fibre material. Thev cause for the diiiiculties arisinginspinning cottonized flax alone is that.

the elementary bres of the flax are fsmooth and have little ornocurliness and therefore in the ordinary carding machines, whether it isa question of a at card or a roller card, they can- 'not form acontinuous web lwhich can be taken 2 claims. (elia-99) olf and collectedinto'a coherent card sliver of uniform thickness. Further, it has beenfound that when carding cottonized ax in the ordinary carding machinesthe fibres are damaged to a great extent.

One object of the invention is toprovide a carding machine by which itis possible toproduce a continuous web of undamaged elernenl tary flaxbres alone which .are prepared for` instancefrom flax card waste, etc.,unretted or retted libres or tows of spin flax 'or oil flax, etc.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carding machine by whichit is possible to prowholly superiicially on them. For` the purpose thatthe fibres presented to the main cylinder 3 by the-llcker-in shallI li'ewholly s upercially on the main'cylinder covering, a lifting plate 4 isAprovided which is like the make-up pieces employed in the ordinarycotton cards, but which facts in another manner as will be described inthe following l duce a continuous fibre web of other cottonizedbastfibres than ax, such as hemp, jute, ramie, etc.

A further object of the'invention is toprovide a carding machine bywhich itis possible to treat other nbre materials than the abovementioned cottonized bast fibres, for instance cotton or staple fibres,with advantage.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a carding machinein which the card waste y embodiment of the invention diagrammaticallyshown in the accompanying drawing by way of example.

In the drawing the pathl of the materialk is shown by a dot and dashline and the movement` directions of the different carding means arepointed out by arrows.

In the carding machine shown in the drawing the cottonized ax issupplied in the form of a, lap roll l similarly as in the lusual cottoncard. However, the material can of course be supplied also in any otherform. The lap is fed in a known manner to an ordinary licker-in 2 whichcarries out a first loosening ofthe lap and In contradistinction to whatis the case withl the makeup piece in the ordinary cotton cardingmachines, the lifting plate d should be adjusted so .that the spacebetweenthe forward edge (the edge 'adjacent the licker-in 2)` of thelifting plate and the main cylinder is smaller than the space betweenthe back edge of the lifting plate and the main cylinder. j In otherwords,

the lifting plate is disposed in a rearwardly and outwardly inclinedposition relative to the surface of the main cylinder 3 covered thereby,the space deflnedtherebetween iiaring upwardly as shown somewhatexaggeratedly on the drawing. Owing to this rearwardly and outwardlydaring position of plate d, the air following the main` cylinder at itsrotation into the space between the lifting plate and the cylinder willVexercise 'a suction effect upon the fibres transferred to Athe coveringof the main cylinder by the lickerin so that the fibres will certainlystay' at or be lifted out to the surface of the main cylinder clothing.

' After having passed the lifting plate 4 the libres are carried by thecylinder 3 to one or more rollers 5 and clearersl 6 arranged in pairsand being of the same general type as is used in the ordinary rollercards. In the embodiment shown in lthe drawing three pairs of rollersand clearers are used which act in exactly the same as inthe ordinaryroller cards.

After the treatment by means of the rollers 5 and clearers the libres onthe main cylinder are subjected to a carding by a at carding means. This.means may preferably'consist of cardingvor flat bars connected to forman endless chain l which revolves slowly and is of the same type as isused in the ordinary cotton' carding machines although the chain shouldhere act only over a relatively small part of the periphery of the maincylinder, yfor instance over 50.

When carded by the dat carding means the bres are pressed somewhatdeeper into the covering of the main cylinder 3 and in order to be it isstored in the can I I.

able to take oil' at least the very greatest part of the fibres withcertainty from the main cylinder by means. of an ordinary dolfer 8 thefibres are lifted outwardly on the covering of the main cylinder bymeans of a fancyroller B of known type before the arrival at the doffer.It is of great importance for obtaining the desired carding result that`substantially all the fibres on the main cylinder are removed bylthedoffer 8 so that they do not follow the main cylinder around to thelicker-ln 2. Fibres vthus circulated would be pressed deeply into theclothing of the main cylinder and this must be avoided as previouslymentioned.

From the doil'er 8 the fibres are taken off by means of a doffer comb Iln the shape of a continuous bre web. In the embodiment shown in thedrawing the said nbre web is directly col-I lected into a card sliverwhich is stored in a can Il in the usual way. In carding cottonized flaxthe libre web taken oil from the doffer 8 has a very low strength andmust be supported by a and which therefore collects the bre web into acard sliver which is pressed lbetween a pair of calender rollers I3 inthe usual manner before In the carding machine according to theinvention, as is also the case in the usual carding machines, it ispossible to vary the quantity of waste withinv certain limits through asuitable selection of the peripheral speeds, the card clothlngs, .therelative distances between the carding means, etc., but in the cardingmachine according to the invention it is possible to control the wastequanttiy wholly at will by adjusting also the lifting plate in asuitable manner.` While in the ordinary carding machines the cardingmeans are continuously filled with waste so that the weight per .unit oflength of the card sliver produced is continuously altered to thedetriment of the uniformity of the card sliver vnumber and consequentlyof the yarn, the unproductive stripping of the carding means can bereduced to a minimum through the above mentioned possibility of controlin the carding machine according to the invention.

means of an'ordlnaryroller card or flat card as in the rstmentionedmachine type the rollers and clearers bring the fibres together intoburls or knots and in the lastmentioned machine type the clothing of themain cylinder is practically immediately lled with short bres so thatthe machine must be stopped and stripped. Fur- A 1. A Acardin'g machinecomprising in combination, a rotary main cylinder bearing card clothing,a licker-in for delivering a lap of fibres to be carded to the card.clothing ofsaid main cylin der, means comprising a plate following onsaid llcker-in and covering part of the periphery of said main cylinderand flaring rearwardly and outwardly in relation thereto for sucking thelibres delivered to the card clothing of said main cylinder outwardly,carding means coacting with said main cylinder and comprising a seriesof roller cards following'on said `plate, and flat carding meansfollowing on said series of roller cards, means following on said fiatcarding means and coacting with said main cylinder for lifting thecarded bres thereon outwardly, and a doffcr following lon said liftingmeans and coacting with said main cylinder for taking off the cardedlibres The reason why a continuous web of cottonized flax can beobtained by means of a carding machine constructed in accordance withthe invention has not yet been wholly investigated but the combined-useof both the roller cards 5, 6 and the flat carding means 'I togetherwith the rearwardly and outwardly flaring plate 4 has been foundessential, this combination making possible such an adjustment of thecarding machine that the fibres will not be pressed deep into the cardclothings but will be supercially on them. The fancy 9 is also of greatimportance for ensuring a superficial disposition of the fibres on theclothing of the main cylinder 3 at the time of removal therefrom by thedoffer 8, as otherwise the bres would not be taken olf completely fromthe main lcylinder but would accumulate thereon and clog the clothingthereof.' Instead of the obtain a. continuous web of cottonized ax bytherefrom.

2. A carding machine comprising in combination, a rotary main cylinderbearing card clothing, licker-in means for delivering a lap of fibres tobe carded to the card clothing of said main cylinder, means comprising a-plate following on said licker-in means and covering part of theperiphery of said main cylinder and flaring rear wardly and outwardly inrelation thereto for sucking the fibres delivered to the card clothingof said main cylinder outwardly, card means co. acting with said maincylinder and comprisingv a series of roller cards following on saidplate and each comprising avcarding roller and a clearer in frontthereof, and flat carding means following on said series of rollercards, a. fancy roller following on said ilat card means rand coastingwith said main cylinder for lifting the carded fibres thereon outwardly,and a doifer following on said fancy roller and coacting with said maincylinder for taking oif the carded fibres therefrom.

PAUL PESCHEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name K Date 466,846 Dobson et al Jan. l2,1892 539,691 Lebe et al May 21,1895 623,094 Mills et al Apr. 11, 18992,181,535 Schlipp et al Nov. 28, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number v CountryDate 5,232 British I of 1902

